Principle Of Mathematical Induction Question 35

Question: For every positive integer n, $ 7^{n}-3^{n} $ is divisible by

Options:

A) 7

B) 3

C) 4

D) 5

Show Answer

Answer:

Correct Answer: C

Solution:

  • [c] Let $ P(n):7^{n}-3^{n} $ is divisible by 4. For $ n=1 $ , $ P(1):7^{1}-3^{1}=4, $ which is divisible by 4. Thus, P (n) is true for n = 1. Let P (k) be true for some natural number k, i.e. $ P(k):7^{k}-3^{k} $ is divisible by 4. We can write $ 7^{k}-3^{k}=4d, $ where $ d\in N $ ? (i) Now, we wish to prove that $ P(k+1) $ is true whenever P(k) is true, i.e., $ {7^{k+1}}-{3^{k+1}} $ is divisible by 4. Now, $ {7^{(k+1)}}-{3^{(k+1)}} $
    $ ={7^{(k+1)}}-{{7.3}^{k}}+{{7.3}^{k}}-{3^{(k+1)}} $
    $ =7(7^{k}-3^{k})+(7-3)3^{k}=7(4d)+{{4.3}^{k}} $ [Using (i)] $ =4(7d+3^{k}), $ Which is divisible by 4. Thus, $ P(k+1) $ is true whenever $ P(k) $ is true. Therefore, by the principle of mathematical induction the statement is true for every positive integer n.