Exemplar Problems
Question:
How is a cancerous cell different from a normal cell?
Answer:
Cancerous cells differ from normal cells in several ways:
Uncontrolled Growth: Cancer cells divide and grow uncontrollably.
Loss of Differentiation: They often lose their specialized functions.
Invasion: Cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and spread to distant sites (metastasis).
Abnormal Nuclei: They may have abnormal nuclei and chromosomes.
Lack of Contact Inhibition: Unlike normal cells, cancer cells do not stop dividing when they come into contact with neighboring cells.
Angiogenesis: Cancer cells can stimulate the formation of new blood vessels to supply nutrients.
Immune Evasion: They may evade the immune system’s surveillance.
Genomic Instability: Cancer cells accumulate genetic mutations.
Resistance to Cell Death: They may resist programmed cell death (apoptosis).
Altered Cell Signaling: Signaling pathways controlling growth may be disrupted.
BETA
