Exemplar Problems

Question:

Describe the classification of monosaccharides based on the number of carbon atoms they contain. Provide examples for each category.

Answer:

Monosaccharides are classified based on the number of carbon atoms they contain in their molecular structure:

  • Trioses: Trioses are monosaccharides with three carbon atoms. An example is glyceraldehyde.

  • Pentoses: Pentoses are monosaccharides with five carbon atoms. Examples include ribose and deoxyribose, which are important components of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA).

These classifications are based on the carbon atom count, and each category of monosaccharides serves various biological functions.

  • Hexoses: Hexoses are monosaccharides with six carbon atoms. Common examples are glucose, fructose, and galactose.
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