Exemplar Problems

Question:

Explain the process of inspiration under normal conditions.

Answer:

Process of Inspiration under Normal Conditions: During normal inspiration:

The diaphragm contracts and flattens, while the external intercostal muscles contract.The thoracic cavity enlarges, reducing intra-thoracic pressure. This decrease in pressure causes air to flow into the lungs from the higher atmospheric pressure outside. The expansion of the ribcage and the lowering of the diaphragm increase lung volume, allowing for inhalation of air rich in oxygen.