SATHEE: Exemplar Problems

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Biology Problems

Exemplar Problems

Question:

What is the significance of step-wise release of energy in respiration?

Answer:

The step-wise release of energy in respiration is of great significance for several reasons:

Efficiency in Energy Capture: If the energy from the oxidation of glucose or other nutrients were released in a single step, most of it would be lost as heat, making the process very inefficient. The step-wise nature allows cells to capture and store energy more efficiently. In each step, a small, manageable amount of energy is released and used to form ATP, the usable energy currency of the cell.
Control and Regulation: Step-wise energy release allows the process to be tightly regulated. Each step in cellular respiration is controlled by specific enzymes, which can be regulated by the cell according to its energy needs. This regulation ensures that energy production is aligned with energy demand, preventing wastage and preserving resources.
Versatility and Flexibility: The intermediates produced in each step of respiration can be used in other metabolic pathways. For example, intermediates from the Krebs cycle can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other biomolecules. This flexibility allows the cell to adapt to different physiological conditions and fulfill a variety of metabolic needs.
Prevention of Oxidative Damage: A gradual release of energy prevents the accumulation of high-energy electrons, which can be harmful. If electrons were released all at once, they could create highly reactive and damaging free radicals. By controlling the release of these electrons, the cell minimizes oxidative damage.
Proton Gradient Formation: In the electron transport chain, the step-wise transfer of electrons is used to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is then used to power ATP synthesis, demonstrating how a controlled, step-wise process can be used to drive an essential biochemical reaction.

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Biology Problems

Exemplar Problems

Question:

Answer:

Table of Contents

Engineering Preparation

Medical Preparation

NCERT Books & Solutions

Important Resources

Other Resources

Syllabus

Mentorship

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