SATHEE: Previous Year JEE Exams Problems

Biology Problems

Previous Year JEE Exams Problems

Question:

Write down the common features of the connective tissue. On the basis of structure and function, differentiate between bones and cartilages.

Answer:

Connective tissue is a diverse group of tissues in the body that serves to support, connect, and protect various structures. It includes a variety of cell types that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and that may consist of fibers and ground substances. Some of the common features of connective tissue are as follows:

(i). Cells: Connective tissues contain various cell types, including fibroblasts, adipocytes (fat cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), and immune cells.

(ii). Extracellular Matrix (ECM): The ECM is a non-cellular component of connective tissue that consists of fibers and ground substances. It provides mechanical support, facilitates communication between cells, and contributes to tissue stability.

(iii). Fibers: Connective tissue contains fibers that provide structural integrity and support. The main types of fibers include collagen fibers (strong and flexible), elastic fibers (stretchable), and reticular fibers (fine, branching fibers).

(iv). Ground Substance: This is an amorphous gel-like material that fills the spaces between cells and fibers. It plays an important role in holding cells and fibers together and facilitating the exchange of nutrients and waste products.

(v). Vascularity: The degree of vascularity varies among different types of connective tissue. Some are highly vascular, while others, like cartilage, have a limited blood supply.

Difference between bones and cartilage

I. Difference between bones and cartilage on the basis of structure:

Bones:

(a). Bones are solid and rigid structures made up of both organic and inorganic components.

(b). The organic components include collagen fibers, which provide flexibility and strength to the bones. The inorganic components, mainly hydroxyapatite crystals, provide hardness and resistance to compression.

(c). Bones have a complex structure with an outer compact bone layer and an inner spongy or trabecular bone layer.

Cartilages:

(a). Cartilages are flexible, semi-rigid structures that are composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix.

(b). The extracellular matrix of cartilage consists of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. This matrix gives cartilage its resilience and ability to withstand pressure.

II. Difference between bones and cartilage on the basis of function:

Bones:

(a). Bones provide structural support to the body, maintaining its shape and allowing for movement.

(b). They protect vital organs, such as the brain (protected by the skull) and the heart and lungs (protected by the ribcage).

(c). Bones serve as storage sites for minerals like calcium and phosphate, which can be released into the bloodstream when needed.

(d). Bone marrow, located within certain bones, is responsible for producing blood cells.

Cartilages:

(a). Cartilages act as cushions and shock absorbers between bones at joints, reducing friction and preventing damage.

(b). They help maintain the shape of certain body parts, such as the nose, ears, and trachea.

(c). Cartilage in growth plates allows for the longitudinal growth of bones during development.

Biology Problems

Previous Year JEE Exams Problems

Question:

Answer:

Difference between bones and cartilage

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Biology Problems

Previous Year JEE Exams Problems

Question:

Answer:

Difference between bones and cartilage

Table of Contents

Engineering Preparation

Medical Preparation

NCERT Books & Solutions

Important Resources

Other Resources

Syllabus

Mentorship

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