Solutions and Colligative Properties - Result Question 65
Passage
Properties such as boiling point, freezing point and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when solute molecules are added to get homogeneous solution. These are called colligative properties. Applications of colligative properties are very useful in day-to-day life.
One of its examples is the use of ethylene glycol and water mixture as anti-freezing liquid in the radiator of automobiles.
A solution $M$ is prepared by mixing ethanol and water. The mole fraction of ethanol in the mixture is $0.1$ .
Given the freezing point depression constant of water
$ \left(K_f^{\text {water }}\right)=1.86 \mathrm{K} \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{mol}^{-1} $
Freezing point depression constant of ethanol
$ \left(K_f^{\text {ethanol }}\right)=2.0 \mathrm{K} \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{mol}^{-1} $
Boiling point elevation constant of water
$ \left(K_b^{\text {water }}\right)=0.52 \mathrm{K} \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{mol}^{-1} $
Boiling point elevation constant of ethanol is 1.09°C·kg/mol
$ \left(K_b^{\text {ethanol }}\right)=1.2 \ \mathrm{K} \cdot \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{mol}^{-1} $
Standard freezing point of water $=273 \mathrm{K}$
Standard freezing point of ethanol $=158.8 \mathrm{K}$
Standard boiling point of water $=373 \mathrm{K}$
Standard boiling point of ethanol $=351.5 \mathrm{K}$
Vapour pressure of pure water $=32.8 \mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}$
Vapour pressure of pure ethanol $=44.5 \mathrm{mm} $ $\mathrm{Hg}$
Molecular weight of water $ =18 $ $\mathrm{g} $ $\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$
Molecular weight of ethanol $=46$ $ \mathrm{g}$ $ \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$
In answering the following questions, consider the solutions to be ideal dilute solutions and solutes to be non-volatile and non-dissociative.
$(2008,3 \times 4 M=12 M)$
36. The vapour pressure of the solution $M$ is
(a) $39.3$ $ mm$ $ Hg$
(b) $36.0$ $ mm $ $Hg$
(c) $29.5 $ $mm $ $Hg$
(d) $28.8 $ $mm $ $Hg$
Show Answer
Answer:
Correct Answer: 36. (a)
Solution:
Vapour pressure $=p\left(H_2O\right)+p\left(\text{ethanol}\right)$
$ =32.8 \times 0.1+40 \times 0.9 $
$ =3.28+36 $
$ =39.28\ \text{mm}$
BETA
