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Chemistry 12 Chemistry 12
UNIT I: Solid State
- Types of Solids: Crystalline
- amorphous
- Crystal Lattices: Unit cells
- packing efficiency
- types of crystal structures
UNIT II: Solutions
- Concentrations: Molarity
- molality
- normality
- Boiling point elevation
- freezing point depression
UNIT III: Electrochemistry
- standard electrode potentials
- Electrolysis: Faraday’s laws
- applications
UNIT IV: Chemical Kinetics
- Arrhenius equation
- concept of activation energy
UNIT V: Surface Chemistry
- Adsorption: Types (physisorption
- chemisorption)
- applications
- Catalysis: Homogeneous
- heterogeneous
- mechanisms
UNIT VI: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
- Metallurgy: Extraction
- purification methods
- ores
- processes involved
UNIT VII: p-Block Elements
- Groups 15 and 16 Elements: Properties
- reactions
- compounds
UNIT VIII: d and f Block Elements
- Transition Elements: Properties
- compounds
- applications
- Lanthanoids and Actinoids: Characteristics, uses
UNIT IX: Coordination Compounds
- Types
- Bonding Theories: Valence bond theory (VBT)
- crystal field theory (CFT)
UNIT X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Nomenclature: Properties
- reactions
- mechanisms
UNIT XI: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
UNIT XII: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
- Amines: Classification
- properties
- reactions
- Cyanides and Isocyanides: Properties
- reactions
UNIT XIII: Biomolecules
- Types
- structure
- functions
- Structure
- functions
- types
UNIT XIV: Polymers
- Types: Addition
- condensation
- Polymerization: Methods
- properties
- uses
UNIT XV: Chemistry in Everyday Life
- Applications: Pharmaceuticals
- food
- cleaning agents
- environmental impact
BETA
