Go BackSECTION I - BOTANY
SECTION II – ZOOLOGY
Biology 11 Biology 11
SECTION I - BOTANY
UNIT I: DIVERSITY IN LIVING WORLD
- Diversity in organisms
- Diversity in living organisms-Brief idea
- Systematic and binomial system of nomenclature - meaning of the terms taxonomy
- systematics
- classification and nomenclature
- Need of classification
- Three domains of life
- Concept of species. Taxonomic hierarchy with examples
- Binomial nomenclature explanation significance and examples
- Classification of living organisms (five Kingdom classification) – Major groups and principles of classification for each Kingdom with examples
- Lichens - Meaning characters examples and importance
- Viruses and viroids - Definitions characters types with examples
- Economic importance and list of viral diseases
- Kingdom Plantae
- Salient features of major plant groups - Algae
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Gymnosperms and Angiosperms (Dicotyledons and Monocotyledons)
- Three to five salient features and two examples of each category
- Botanical gardens and herbaria - Meaning importance and list of gardens and herbaria in India
UNIT II: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CELL
- Biochemistry of cell
- Basic chemical constituents of living bodies
- Structure and function of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids in brief
- Enzymes - Definition, Types, general properties
- Enzyme action and factors affecting enzyme activity in brief
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
UNIT III: STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION IN PLANTS
UNIT IV: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
- Plant Water Relations and Mineral Nutrition
- Movement of water, food, nutrients and gases - Absorption of water and minerals,Apoplast and Symplast Pathways. Active and passive absorption in brief
- Guttation Ascent of sap, root pressure concept and cohesion - tension theory. Translocation of sugars through phloem brief account
- Transpiration – structure of stomata mechanism of opening and closing of stomata Role of K+ ions
- Role of water and minerals - macronutrients and micronutrients and their role
- Mineral deficiency symptoms
- Mineral toxicity
- Elementary idea of Hydroponics
- Nitrogen Metabolism (nitrogen cycle biological nitrogen fixation)
- Plant Growth and Development: Seed dormancy
- Germination - Hypogeal
- epigeal and viviparous. Definition and characteristics of growth. Phases of growth
- Conditions of growth
- Differentiation
- de- differentiation
- redifferentiation Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell Growth regulators - auxins
- gibberellins
- cytokinines
- ethylene and abscissic acid (role in brief) Photoperiodism
- Photomorphogenesis including brief account of Phytochromes (Elementary idea) Vernalization
SECTION II – ZOOLOGY
UNIT I: DIVERSITY IN LIVING WORLD
- Kingdom Animalia
- Salient features of major phyla under kingdom Animalia
- Classification of following phyla with three to five salient features and two examples of each category: Porifera
- co elenterata ctenophora
- Platyhelminthes
- Nemathelminthes
- Annelida
- Arthropoda
- Mollusca
- Echinodermata and Hemichordata
- Classification of phylum chordata upto class level with three to five salient features and two examples of each category: Urochordata
- Cephalochordata
- Cyclostomata
- Chondrichthyes
- Osteichthyes
- Amphibia
- Reptilia
- Aves and Mammalia
- Zoological parks and Museums - General idea with list
UNIT II: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CELL
- Organization of Cell
- Plant cell and animal cell
- Nuclear organization - Nucleus
- nucleolus and nucleoplasm
- Cell wall and cell membrane - (fluid mosaic model)
- Cell organelles: Plastids
- Mitochondria
- Golgi complex
- Lysosomes
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Ribosome and Centrioles (ultrstructure and functions)
- Microbodies
- cytoskeleton
- cilia and flagella
UNIT III: STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION IN ANIMALS
- Study of Animal Tissues
- Epithelial tissues - simple epithelium (squamous, cuboidal, columnar, Ciliated, glandular)
- compound epithelium (stratified)
- Connective tissue - (Areolar, Adipose, Tendons, Ligaments, Cartilage and Bone)
- Muscular tissue - (Smooth, striated and cardiac)
- Nervous tissue (Neurons, glial cells and types of neurons)
- Study of Animal Type
- Morphology anatomy and functions of digestive
- circulatory
- respiratory
- nervous and reproductive systems of cockroach (Brief account only)
UNIT IV: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
- Human Nutrition
- Digestive system in brief
- Physiology of digestion, gastrointestinal hormones, Peristalsis
- Calorific value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats
- Absorption, assimilation and egestion
- Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM
- indigestion
- constipation
- Jaundice
- vomiting and diarrhoea
- Human Respiration
- Exchange of gases
- tissue respiration
- Regulation of Respiration
- Respiratory volumes
- Emphysema and occupational lung diseases
- Human skeleton and Locomotion
- Brief account of human skeleton: A. Axial Skeleton B. Appendicular Skeleton (Details to be dealt with the relevant practical)
- Types of joints - synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses
- Types of diarthroses - ball and socket, hinge, condyloid, pivot, saddle and gliding joints
- Types of Movement- Ciliary, Flagellar
- Muscular Mechanism of muscle movement: Contractile proteins and Muscle contraction
- Skeletal and muscular disorders – Myasthenia gravis, Osteoporosis, arthritis
- muscular dystrophy tetany
BETA
