Optics Reflection Of Light & Formation Of Images

• 2016:

The correct answer is (B).

When a ray of light is incident at an angle of incidence i on a refracting surface of a prism, if the angle of ref,raction r is such that r < i, the prism is said to be divergent. This is because the light is refracted away from the normal to the refracting surface.

• 2017:

The correct answer is (B).

The magnification of a concave mirror is given by the formula:

m = -f/u

where m is the magnification, f is the focal length of the mirror, and u is the object distance.

In this case, the image is real, inverted, and magnified, so the magnification is m = -1. This means that the focal length of the mirror is f = (u/2).

• 2018:

The proof is as follows:

\begin{align}
\mu &= \frac{\sin i}{\sin r} \\
&= \frac{\sin (A + \Phi)}{\sin \Phi}
\end{align}