International Awards
International Awards – Complete GK for Railway Exams
1. Nobel Prize
- Instituted: 1901 (First awarded)
- Founder: Alfred Nobel (Swedish inventor, 1833-96)
- Purse 2023: SEK 11 million (≈ ₹87 lakh) per category
- Categories: 6 – Peace, Literature, Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Economics (added 1969)
- Youngest laureate: Malala Yousafzai (Peace, 2014, age 17)
- Oldest laureate: John B. Goodenough (Chemistry, 2019, age 97)
- Indian Citizens: 5 – Rabindranath Tagore (1913), C. V. Raman (1930), Mother Teresa (1979), Amartya Sen (1998), Kailash Satyarthi (2014)
2. Oscars (Academy Awards)
- First ceremony: 16 May 1929, Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel
- Most Awards: Walt Disney (22 Oscars)
- Best International Feature: Introduced 1957 (earlier “Best Foreign Language Film”)
- First Indian nomination: Mehboob Khan’s Mother India (1958)
- First Indian to win: Bhanu Athaiya (Costume Design, Gandhi, 1983)
- Recent Indian win: RRR – “Naatu Naatu” (Best Original Song, 2023)
3. Bharat Ratna vs. Global Equivalents
| India Award | Global Peer | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Bharat Ratna | Order of the Rising Sun (Japan) | Civilian honour for national service |
| Padma Vibhushan | Légion d’honneur (France) | Second-highest civilian award |
| Param Vir Chakra | Medal of Honor (USA) | Highest wartime gallantry |
4. Major International Honours – Quick Table
| Award | Given by | Field | Since | 2023 Winner (where announced) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nobel Peace Prize | Norwegian Nobel Committee | Peace | 1901 | Narges Mohammadi (Iran) |
| Pritzker Architecture Prize | Hyatt Foundation | Architecture | 1979 | David Chipperfield (UK) |
| Abel Prize | Norway | Mathematics | 2003 | Luis Caffarelli (USA-Argentina) |
| Turing Award | ACM | Computing | 1966 | Avi Wigderson (USA-Israel) |
| Booker Prize | Booker Foundation | Fiction (English) | 1969 | Paul Lynch – Prophet Song (Ireland) |
| Pulitzer | Columbia University | Journalism & Arts | 1917 | Washington Post (Public Service) |
| Ramon Magsaysay | Philippines | Community service | 1958 | Korvi Rakshand (Bangladesh) |
| Right Livelihood | Sweden | Social justice | 1980 | Aminata Touré (Germany) |
| Olympic Order | IOC | Sports | 1975 | Thomas Bach (re-awarded) |
5. United Nations & Associated Awards
- UNESCO Peace Prize: Félix Houphouët-Boigny Prize (since 1991) – 2022 winner: Angela Merkel
- UN Human Rights Award: Every 5 years – 2023: Front Line Defenders (Ireland)
- UN Champions of the Earth: UN Environment – 2023: Sir David Attenborough
6. Sports Laureus World Sports Awards
- Founded: 2000 by Richemont & Daimler
- 2023 Sportsman: Lionel Messi
- 2023 Sportswoman: Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce
- Indian winners: Sachin Tendulkar (2010), Viswanathan Anand (2012), Milkha Singh (2002 – Spirit)
One-Liner Revision Bullets
- Green Nobel – Goldman Environmental Prize (started 1990).
- Nobel in Economics 2023 – Claudia Goldin (USA) – gender wage gap.
- First Asian Nobel laureate – Rabindranath Tagore (Literature, 1913).
- Oscar statuette weighs 3.86 kg, 24-carat gold-plated bronze.
- Booker of Bookers – Salman Rushdie (Midnight’s Children, 1993 & 2008).
- Dadasaheb Phalke – first Indian Oscar winner for Gandhi (shared).
- UNICEF’s Audrey Hepburn Humanitarian Award – Priyanka Chopra (2016).
- Olympic Laurel – introduced 2016; 2021 winner: Munich 1972 memorial project.
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