Indian Government Bodies
Indian Government Bodies – Complete GK Capsule for Railway Exams
1. Constitutional & Statutory Bodies at a Glance
| Body | Established (Year) | Article / Act | Headquarters | Current Chairman (2024) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Election Commission of India | 25 Jan 1950 | Art. 324 | New Delhi | Rajiv Kumar |
| Union Public Service Commission | 1 Oct 1926 (as Fed. PSC) / 26 Jan 1950 | Art. 315–323 | New Delhi | Dr. Manoj Soni |
| Finance Commission | 1951 | Art. 280 | New Delhi | N. K. Singh (15th FC) |
| Comptroller & Auditor General | 1949 | Art. 148 | New Delhi | Girish Chandra Murmu |
| National Human Rights Commission | 28 Sept 1993 | Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 | New Delhi | Justice V. Ramasubramanian (Acting) |
| National Commission for Women | 31 Jan 1992 | NCW Act, 1990 | New Delhi | Rekha Sharma |
| National Commission for Scheduled Castes | 19 Feb 2004 | Art. 338 | New Delhi | Vijay Sampla |
| National Commission for Scheduled Tribes | 19 Feb 2004 | Art. 338A | New Delhi | Anusuiya Uikey |
| Lokpal | 19 Mar 2019 | Lokpal & Lokayuktas Act, 2013 | New Delhi | Justice Pradip Kumar Mohanty (Acting Chairperson) |
| Central Vigilance Commission | 1964 (Statutory 2003) | CVC Act, 2003 | New Delhi | Praveen Kumar Srivastava |
| Central Bureau of Investigation | 1 Apr 1963 | DSPE Act, 1946 | New Delhi | Subodh Kumar Jaiswal (Director) |
| NITI Aayog | 1 Jan 2015 | Govt. Resolution | New Delhi | Suman Bery (Vice-Chairperson) |
| Goods & Services Tax Council | 1 July 2017 | 101st Constitutional Amendment | New Delhi | Union FM (Nirmala Sitharaman) (Chairperson) |
| Securities & Exchange Board of India | 12 Apr 1992 | SEBI Act, 1992 | Mumbai | Madhabi Puri Buch |
| Reserve Bank of India | 1 Apr 1935 | RBI Act, 1934 | Mumbai | Shaktikanta Das (25th Governor) |
| Staff Selection Commission | 4 Nov 1975 | Dept. of Personnel | New Delhi | S. Kishore (Chairman) |
| Railway Recruitment Boards | 1986 (re-structured) | Ministry of Railways | 21 Regional Boards | Chairman – respective RRBs |
2. Key Facts & Figures
Election Commission of India
- 1st CEC: Sukumar Sen (1950)
- Multi-member since 1993 (CEC + 2 ECs)
- Present strength: 1 CEC + 2 ECs
Finance Commission
- 15th FC tenure: 2021-26
- Devolution share to States: 41 % (15th FC)
CAG
- Tenure: 6 yrs or 65 yrs age (whichever earlier)
- Salary = SC judge (₹2.5 lakh/month)
Lokpal
- 1st Chairperson: Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose (2019)
- Maximum 8 members (4 Judicial, 4 Non-Judicial)
NITI Aayog
- Replaced Planning Commission (1951-2014)
- 1st Vice-Chairperson: Arvind Panagariya
- CEO: B. V. R. Subrahmanyam (2023-till date)
GST Council
- 33 members (31 States/UTs + 1 Centre + 1 Empowered Committee)
- Quorum: 1/3 members; Decision: 75 % weighted vote
3. One-Liner Quick Revision
- ECI celebrated 14th National Voters’ Day on 25 Jan 2024 (theme: Nothing Like Voting, I Vote for Sure).
- UPSC conducts CSE, ESE, CDS, NDA, CAPF, IES/ISS.
- CVC is Single Directive authority for CBI cases against Joint-Secretary & above officers.
- RBI prints notes via Security Printing & Minting Corp. of India Ltd. (SPMCIL) & Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran (BRBNMPL).
- SEBI received Statutory status in 1992, became fully autonomous in 1999.
- GST Council met for the 50th time on 11 July 2023 at New Delhi.
- NHRC recommendations are not binding but government must reply within 8 weeks.
- Central Bureau of Investigation operates under Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.
- Staff Selection Commission originated from the recommendations of Kothari Committee, 1976.
- Railway Recruitment Control Board (RRCB) was created in 1998 to coordinate 21 RRBs.
4. 15+ Railway-Exam Level MCQs
1. Who is the current Chief Election Commissioner of India (as on 1 Jan 2024)?
Ans: Rajiv Kumar
2. The 15th Finance Commission’s recommendation period is:
Ans: 2021-26
3. Under which Article of the Constitution is the Comptroller & Auditor General appointed?
Ans: Article 148
4. The first Chairperson of the Lokpal of India was:
Ans: Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose
5. NITI Aayog replaced which body on 1 January 2015?
Ans: Planning Commission
6. The GST Council is constituted under which Constitutional Amendment Act?
Ans: 101st Constitutional Amendment Act
7. Who is the ex-officio chairperson of the GST Council?
Ans: Union Finance Minister
8. The Central Vigilance Commission got statutory status in:
Ans: 2003 (CVC Act, 2003)
9. The headquarters of SEBI is located at:
Ans: Mumbai
10. Who is the 25th Governor of Reserve Bank of India?
Ans: Shaktikanta Das
11. Election Commission of India became a multi-member body in:
Ans: 1993
12. The National Human Rights Commission is a:
Ans: Statutory body
13. Which of the following is NOT a constitutional body?
Ans: NITI Aayog
14. The maximum tenure of the CAG of India is:
Ans: 6 years or up to 65 years of age, whichever is earlier
15. The Staff Selection Commission was established in the year:
Ans: 1975
16. The Central Bureau of Investigation derives its power from:
Ans: Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946
17. The 1st Finance Commission was constituted in:
Ans: 1951 (Chairman: K. C. Neogy)
Revision Tip: Memorise the years, Articles/Acts and HQ for every body; 60 % questions in RRB NTPC/Group-D are directly from these three data points.
BETA
