Diseases Causes

Bacteria → Typhoid (Salmonella), Cholera (Vibrio), TB (Mycobacterium), Diphtheria, Plague, Leprosy
Virus → COVID-19, Measles, Mumps, Rabies, Dengue, Yellow-Fever, Polio, Hepatitis-A/B/C, Influenza, AIDS
Protozoa → Malaria (Plasmodium), Amoebic dysentery (Entamoeba), Sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma), Kala-azar (Leishmania)
Fungus → Ringworm, Athlete’s foot
Worm → Elephantiasis (Wuchereria), Tape-worm, Pin-worm
Deficiency → Night-blindness (Vit-A), Scurvy (Vit-C), Rickets (Vit-D), Beri-beri (Vit-B1), Anaemia (Iron), Goitre (Iodine)

Mnemonic	Expansion
Bacteria = “Tubby Cat Died Playing Ludo”	T–Typhoid, B–Bacterial dysentery, C–Cholera, D–Diphtheria, P–Plague, L–Leprosy
Virus = “MRP of CHINA”	Measles, Mumps, Rabies, Polio, COVID, Hepatitis, Influenza, AIDS
Protozoa = “MALT shop”	Malaria, Amoebic dysentery, Leishmaniasis, Trypanosomiasis

Disease	Causative Agent	Vector / Mode
Malaria	Plasmodium spp.	Female Anopheles mosquito
Dengue	Dengue virus	Aedes aegypti mosquito
Cholera	Vibrio cholerae	Contaminated water/food
TB	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Air-borne droplets
AIDS	HIV	Blood, sexual contact, mother-to-child
Typhoid	Salmonella typhi	Contaminated water/milk
Rabies	Rabies virus	Bite/scratch of infected dog
Scurvy	Vit-C deficiency	—
Goitre	Iodine deficiency	—

1. Which vitamin deficiency causes Scurvy?

**Ans:** Vitamin C

2. Kala-azar is caused by which protozoan?

**Ans:** *Leishmania donovani*

3. The vector of Dengue fever is?

**Ans:** *Aedes aegypti* mosquito

4. TB is caused by which bacteria?

**Ans:** *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*

5. Night-blindness is due to deficiency of?

**Ans:** Vitamin A

6. Which disease is NOT caused by bacteria – Typhoid, Rabies, Cholera?

**Ans:** Rabies (Virus)

7. Elephantiasis is caused by which worm?

**Ans:** *Wuchereria bancrofti*

8. Hepatitis-B is transmitted through?

**Ans:** Blood & body fluids

9. Rickets in children is due to lack of?

**Ans:** Vitamin D

10. Sleeping sickness is caused by?

**Ans:** *Trypanosoma gambiense* (Protozoa)