⚡ Vitamins & Minerals – 2-Minute Revision
1. FAT-SOLUBLE Vitamins (A D E K) – stored in body fat
- A: Night-blindness, carrot, spinach → After sunset see
- D: Rickets, sunlight, fish-oil → Daylight vitamin
- E: Sterility, vegetable oil → E for Every-sperm-count
- K: Clotting, green leaf → Koagulation
2. WATER-SOLUBLE Vitamins (B-complex & C) – daily needed
| Vitamin | Deficiency | Source | Mnemonic |
|---|
| B1 (Thiamine) | Beri-beri | Cereals | B1 = Beri |
| B2 (Riboflavin) | Cheilosis | Milk, egg | B2 = 2 lips cracked |
| B3 (Niacin) | Pellagra | Meat | Pellagra = Pasta (maize) |
| B5 (Pantothenic) | Burning feet | Mushroom | 5 fingers burn |
| B6 (Pyridoxine) | Anaemia | Fish | 6 packs need blood |
| B7 (Biotin) | Dermatitis | Egg yolk | 7 skin glow |
| B9 (Folate) | Megaloblastic anaemia | Green leaf | 9 months pregnancy |
| B12 (Cobalamin) | Pernicious anaemia | Liver | 12 = Cobalt |
| C (Ascorbic acid) | Scurvy | Citrus, amla | C = Citrus |
3. Major Minerals
| Mineral | Key function | Deficiency | Top source |
|---|
| Calcium | Bones & teeth | Rickets / osteoporosis | Milk |
| Phosphorus | ATP, bones | Weak bones | Milk, pulses |
| Iron | Haemoglobin | Anaemia | Apple, spinach |
| Iodine | Thyroxine | Goitre | Iodised salt |
| Fluorine | Dental enamel | Dental caries | Fluoridated water |
| Sodium | Nerve impulse | Hyponatremia | Common salt |
| Potassium | Heart rhythm | Hypokalemia | Banana |
4. Trace Elements (remember “Chicken Curry Makes Zebras Sing”)
- Cu – Copper → Anaemia
- Co – Cobalt → Part of B12
- Mn – Manganese → Bone formation
- Zn – Zinc → Wound healing, taste loss
- Se – Selenium → Anti-oxidant
5. Quick Memory Pill
- ADEK = All Dogs Eat Kibble (fat-soluble)
- Vit C → C for Collagen & Citrus
- Fe-Ca-I = Females Carry Iron daily
🔫 10 Rapid-Fire MCQs
1. Which vitamin is responsible for night-blindness?
**Answer:** Vitamin A2. Deficiency of vitamin D causes?
**Answer:** Rickets in children / Osteomalacia in adults3. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
**Answer:** Vitamin K4. Pellagra is due to deficiency of?
**Answer:** Niacin (Vit B3)**Answer:** Iodine
6. Cobalt is a part of which vitamin?
**Answer:** Vitamin B127. Which vitamin is lost easily on washing rice repeatedly?
**Answer:** Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)**Answer:** Pernicious anaemia
9. Best source of fluoride for teeth is?
**Answer:** Fluoridated drinking water10. Which fruit is richest in potassium?
**Answer:** Banana
BETA
