Northern Divisions

Northern Railway – Divisions at a Glance

Northern Railway (NR) is the oldest and largest zone of Indian Railways in terms of route km and staff strength.
Head-quarters: Baroda House, New Delhi
Date of formation: 14 April 1952 (re-organisation of East Indian Railway & Oudh & Rohilkhand Railway)
Present Divisions: Delhi, Ambala, Firozpur, Lucknow, Moradabad


1. Technical & Operational Profile

ParameterDelhiAmbalaFirozpurLucknowMoradabad
Route km (2023)1 0861 2481 4901 0261 359
Track km (incl. YD & siding)2 4102 8603 2202 1902 970
Electrification %100 %100 %92 %100 %96 %
Avg. daily train handling510310280220350
Major loco shedTughlakabad (TKD)Ludhiana (LDH)Ludhiana (LDH)Lucknow (LJN)Moradabad (MB)
Coaching depotsHazrat Nizamuddin, New Delhi, Anand ViharAmbala CanttFirozpur CanttLucknow Jn, Gomti NagarMoradabad, Bareilly

2. Key Infrastructure & Specifications

Delhi Division

  • Yard remodelling: New Delhi–Shivaji Bridge 4th line commissioned 2022.
  • Station categories:
    – NSG-1: New Delhi, Hazrat Nizamuddin, Anand Vihar Terminal
    – SG-2: Delhi Jn, Delhi Sarai Rohilla
  • Automatic signalling: 165 RKM (Route km) with 60 kg 90 UTS rails & SSD switches.
  • OHE: 25 kV, 50 Hz, catenary 1.45 m wind regulation, 7.57 m min. height for DFCC alignment.

Ambala Division

  • World’s longest electrified tunnel (Roopal–Kalka, 3.24 km) on Kalka–Shimla heritage section (non-electrified).
  • Track structure: 52 kg/60 kg on main line, 90 UTS rails, LWR 1 in 12 & 1 in 8½ switches.
  • Level crossings: 330 (2023), 92 % provided with lifting barriers & interlocking.

Firozpur Division

  • Border division: 183 km touching Pakistan (Wagah-Attari).
  • Freight load: 52 MT in 2022–23 (mainly food-grains, fertiliser, POL).
  • Gati-Shakti freight terminal: 5 (Abohar, Fazilka, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Khanna).

Lucknow Division

  • Doubling & new line:
    – Lucknow–Ayodhya–Darshan Nagar 3rd line (2021)
    – Gomti Nagar–Malhour 4th line (2023)
  • MEMU car-shed: Gomti Nagar (India’s 1st 12-car MEMU maintenance facility).

Moradabad Division

  • Electrified freight corridor: EDFC (Khurja–Bhaupur) 345 km inside division.
  • Wagon repair depots: Mughalsarai, Bareilly, Moradabad.
  • Rajbhasha implementation: 1st division to achieve 100 % Hindi correspondence (2020).

3. Historical Milestones

YearEvent
1854First passenger train from Delhi to Rewari (SCNB route) – 1 Dec.
1864Delhi Junction building completed (Lutyens-inspired red-stone).
1866Ambala Cantt–Kalka line opened for British summer capital.
1870Firozpur–Lahore (now in Pakistan) through mail started.
1926Moradabad workshop set up for carriage & wagon overhaul.
1952Northern Railway carved out; Delhi, Ambala, Firozpur become original divisions.
1953Lucknow division carved from O&RR section.
1988Moradabad division created to cater Uttarakhand & W. U.P.
1997Anand Vihar Terminal sanctioned to decongest New Delhi.
2005Delhi–Agra–Delhi main line first to get 150 km/h Shatabdi with WAP-5.
2018Delhi division first to achieve 100 % LED station lighting.
2020Ambala division trials of LPG-RET (Railway Environment-friendly Train).
2023Firozpur division completes ETCS-L1 (Kavach) on 312 RKM Amritsar–Jalandhar–Ludhiana section.

4. Current Status & Recent Updates (2023-24)

  • Kavach (indigenous ATP): 1 200 RKM sanctioned on NR; pilot on Delhi–Agra & Ambala–Ludhiana.
  • Amrit Bharat (push-pull): New Delhi–Ayodhya & Anand Vihar–Malda flagged off 30 Dec 2023.
  • Vande Bharat (2.0): Delhi–Ambala–Chandigarh & Delhi–Dehradun VB services (16 trips/week).
  • Station redevelopment (Amrit stations): 54 stations under NR – 14 in Delhi division alone (Izzat-nagar, Saharanpur, Aligarh, etc.).
  • Freight corridors:
    – EDFC (Eastern DFC) operational Mughalsarai–Khurja–Dadri (Moradabad division).
    – WDFC (Western DFC) enters Delhi division at Dadri & Tughlakabad.
  • Green initiatives: 1 028 MW solar rooftops sanctioned; 40 % already installed at Shakurbasti, Lucknow Jn, Moradabad.
  • New lines in progress:
    – Chandigarh–Sahnewal–Ludhiana 3rd line (cost ₹2 018 cr, 97 km).
    – Rishikesh–Karnaprayag (125 km, Char-Dham project) – 65 % complete.
  • Budget 2024-25 allocation: ₹18 900 cr for Northern Railway (highest among all zones).

5. Quick-Fire Facts for Exam

  • Longest platform in NR: Gorakhpur (now under NER but was part of NR till 1952).
  • Highest rail bridge: Chenab (not in NR) – NR’s highest is Chakki (66 m) on Pathankot–Joginder Nagar.
  • Northern Railway network: 7 114 route km (2023) – 12 % of IR.
  • Staff strength: 1.03 lakh (largest among zones).
  • Passenger earnings share: 28 % of IR (because of Delhi hub).
  • UNESCO heritage: Kalka–Shimla & Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (Mumbai) – only Kalka–Shimla lies in NR.