UNIT I: Reproduction in Organisms
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a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction - asexual and sexual; asexual reproduction - binary fission
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fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants
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Pollination - types, agencies and examples
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Post fertilization events - Development of endosperm and embryo
UNIT II: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
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Pre-fertilization: Structures and events - microsporangium
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structure of anthers and ovaries
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pollination and its types
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Post-fertilization: Structures and events - formation of endosperm and embryo
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development of seeds and formation of fruit
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parthenogenesis and apomixis
UNIT III: Human Reproduction
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reproductive health - STDs
UNIT IV: Reproductive Health
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Need for reproductive health
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problems and strategies for reproductive health
UNIT V: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
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deviations from Mendelism
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inheritance patterns: human genetics
UNIT VI: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
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regulation of gene expression
UNIT VIII: Human Health and Disease
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Common diseases in humans - infectious and non-infectious diseases
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immunity - innate and acquired
UNIT IX: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
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Plant breeding - role of selection
UNIT X: Microbes in Human Welfare
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Microbes in household products
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microbes as biocontrol agents
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production of alcohol and antibiotics
UNIT XI: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
UNIT XII: Biotechnology and its Applications
UNIT XIII: Organisms and Populations
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Organisms and environment
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population and ecological adaptations
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population interactions - mutualism
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population growth and regulation
UNIT XV: Biodiversity and Conservation
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endangered and endemic species
BETA
