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C3 Plants

C3 Plants: The Calvin Cycle Specialists

C3 plants are plants that use the Calvin cycle (C3 pathway) as their primary method of carbon fixation during photosynthesis. They are called C3 plants because the first stable product of carbon fixation is a 3-carbon compound (3-phosphoglycerate, 3-PGA).

The C3 Pathway (Calvin Cycle)

Phase 1: Carbon Fixation

  • CO₂ combines with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP)
  • Catalyzed by the enzyme RuBisCO
  • Forms two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA)

Phase 2: Reduction

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