Thermal conductivity is a measure of a material’s ability to transfer heat involving principles. The SI unit of thermal conductivity is watts per meter-kelvin (W/m-K).
Materials with high thermal conductivity, such as metals, allow heat to flow through them easily, while materials with low thermal conductivity, such as insulators, resist the flow of heat. The thermal conductivity of a material depends on its interactions.
In general, metals have high thermal conductivity because their atoms are closely packed and have loosely bound electrons that can easily transfer heat. Insulators, on the other hand, have low thermal conductivity because their atoms are loosely packed and have tightly bound electrons that do not easily transfer heat.
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